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Transition metal ion reactions

Colour is the typical colour of the aqueous solution (it may be affected by the anion present)

NaOH shows the effect of added sodium hydroxide solution

Excess NaOH shows the effect of adding excess sodium hydroxide solution

NH3 shows the effect of excess ammonia solution

Click on the ion name for more details of the reactions.

Ion

Colour

NaOH

Excess NaOH

NH3

Chromium(III)

Green solution

Green precipitate

Precopitate dissolves to give a green solution

The same green precipitate initially forms

Copper(II)

A blue solution

A gelatinous blue precipitate

No change occurs

Initial blue precipitate dissolves to give a royal blue solution

Ion

Colour

NaOH

Excess NaOH

NH3

Iron(II)

A pale green solution

A green precipitate

No change with excess, but after a short time a brown solid indicates oxidation has taken place

The same green precipitate

Iron(III)

A yellow solution

A rusty brown precipitate

No change is seen

The same rusty brown precipitate

Ion

Colour

NaOH

Excess NaOH

NH3

Manganese(II)

A colourless solution

A white, rapidly darkening, precipitate

Does not dissolve. Darkening becomes more evident with time, particularly in contact with the air.

The same white, rapidly darkening, precipitate

Nickel(II)

A green solution

A pale green precipitate

No change

Violet solution is formed

Ion

Colour

NaOH

Excess NaOH

NH3

Zinc

Colourless solution

A white precipitate

The white precipitate dissolves in excess NaOH

The white precipitate dissolves in excess ammonia

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