Substitution reaction
This is a reaction where one atom, or group of atoms, is replaced by another atom, or group of atoms. In the following generalized reaction you can see that the X has been replaced by the Y- ion:
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RX + Y- ⇒ RY + X- |
The halogenoalkanes and arenes commonly undergo substitution reactions. In the reaction of an alkane with bromine in ultra-violet light a hydrogen atom is replaced by a bromine atom:
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CH4 + Br2 ⇒ CH3Br + HBr |