The production of a product that the students are familiar with is always good to start up a discussion on the applications of chemistry in the world. This could be developed into an investigation by comparing the properties of different soaps made from alternative lipids and/or potassium hydroxide.
Materials:
| Sodium hydroxide (2 g) | Castor oil (2 cm3) |
| Sodium chloride (5 g) | 1 M hydrochloric acid (5 cm3) |
| 0.1 M calcium chloride (5 cm3) | |
| 100 cm3 conical flask | 250 cm3 beaker |
| 10 cm3 measuring cylinder | Test tubes (2) |
| Evaporating basin | Buchner flask |
| Buchner funnel | Filter paper to fit funnel |
| Glass rod | Heat-proof mat |
| Tripod | Bunsen burner |
| Gauze | Dropping pipettes |
| Balance with accuracy of at least ± 0.1 g | Vacuum line or water pumps |